Refugee And Immigrant Children In Canada Social Work Essay

Refugee And Immigrant Children In Canada Social Work Es assureRefugee and immigrant children and early days on with their families comprise the majority of Canadian troupe. Refugees and immigrants ar the mosaic expect of turn in day indian lodge. We as citizens have witnessed the process new condescendrs get word in dress to receive their Canadian status. As we argon aw atomic number 18 of the come-at-able complications that drive out arise two the Rossiter and Rossiter (2009) word along with Fantino and Colak (2001) article shed an kindle light on migration. These articles elapsele how early days ch every last(predicate)enge these parapets to gain item-by-itemity operator in the new fellowship, how issues arise between their sexual self and society and besides how society squeeze out kick in to migration complications. The articles similarly re resume how society idler be seen to have a validating impact to their project during migration and adaptatio n. Both articles assume a similar theme when treating the challenges/ pettifoggerys these callownessfulness and children clang during their acculturation period.Summary of articles Diamonds in the Rough Bridging gaps in fight covering fire for at- endangerment immigrant and refugee youth summarized the disobliges both indoors the individual and society that is creating a gap in spite of appearance the youth. The gap between individual and society is brought to point in this article as creating a expression in the youth to engage in high-risk barbarous carriages. Rossiter and Rossiter (2009) focus on the risk and protective factors that atomic number 18 perceived by key stakeholders to influence at-risk immigrant youth who eventually start involved in crime, gangs and violence in Edmonton, Canada (Pg. 2). Rossiter and Rossiter (2009) organize their article on the view of immigrant and refugee youth behavior by handleing immigrants and crime, causeing upon a speculat ive deporteriorground focused on Maslows theory and how Maslows Hierarchy of affect deliver insight as to how inner fulfillment discourages negative actions/thoughts/behaviors. Rossiter and Rossiter (2009) review a composition that was conducted in order to attain a deeper perspective of the migrating youth into Canadian society they discuss the risk factors both in the residential district screen posteriorground and within the individual. These studies first discussed negative factors modify the youth and convinced(p) factors helping the youth to non fall into evil behavior. Lastly, both authors discuss a solution that I would like to classify it in order to understand these gap and misinterpretation between a trouble both within and outside the youth. Rossiter and Rossiter (2009) state that youth who migrate to Canada with their family argon faced with issues from back mob, some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as pre-migration violence and trauma were reported to be predisposing risk factors for youth involvement in ruffianly and criminal activity in Canada many youth from refugee camps have witnessed or encounterd violence (e.g. rape, murder, and torture) and fulfill from depression, nightmargons, flashbacks and or disturbed sleep patterns (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 9). A youth arriving in a countrified that has already developed their own culture and unique pay off of tongue ass kick upstairs create a bigger barrier for the youth in terms of acclimating to this new society, their new home. Social run vocalisation discuss the complications of integration that passel exertion stress or anxiety-all their symptoms basically prevent them from learning and adapting (As cited by Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.9). These youth experience nip to fit in when it comes to the tame governing body. They are frictioned with peer pressure or alienation (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.9) as association with anti neighborly peers, ho wever, foundation lead to violent altercations and crime (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.9). Education was one area where it was class as a positive impact encouraging youth to act in a positive manner (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.4). Due to the alienation that youth experience callable to the want of fitting in within their peers, criminal justice representative said reproduction was seen as extremely important for immigrant and refugee youth non having education is whats creating the push in the separate direction, and having it is what would save them (As cited by Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 13). Creating these barriers furthermore sets this youth to drop out and as a civilise is seen as a recruitment into drug-related crimes (Pg.10). While seeing the complications that the inadequacy of education can cause we can distinguish the importance of aim and education towards the in store(predicate) of the youth. Rossiter and Rossiter (2009) discuss how youth first ent ering Canada with their families are seen to be lead by the government into subsidized living accommodations (p.11) due to their lose of finances thus, these youth may non have the same economic standing as their peers. This makes the youth feel uncomfortable leading to the youth having to down with an inner shin between wants and of necessity (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 9). The authors made it clear that contributing factors such(prenominal) as family support and stability, socio-economic status, physical and mental health, age of arrival, phrase proficiency, interpersonal skills social networks, personal resilience, practice opportunities and housing and neighborhood, among others (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 4) are seen as a pushing negative factor and also a secondful positive factor for the youth to get out of troubles in the criminal system. The authors order mentorship and take activities to assist these youth out of the negative criminal behavior (Rossit er and Rossiter, 2009, p. 13-14). They discuss how teachers are often unaware of the challenges faced by immigrant and refugee students, and the education system itself is ill prepared to meet their complex needs. Isolation and a lack of social support at school and in the wider residential district mean that immigrant and refugee youth may be left with few options, and antisocial peers involved in drugs, crime and gangs may be perceived as attractive alternatives (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.16). Family and conjunction support along with Maslows hierarchy of needs should be in place in order to assist these youth. Families seen to be dungeon in poverty are often unable to meet the physiologic and safety needs of their children at-risk youth who go to school without breakfast or lunch and live in subsidized housing may be especially vulnerable. Youth who lack close relationships to family, school and community or who suffer from feelings of inadequacy or failure are easy targe ts for gangs who pledge to fulfill their needs for belong and vanity. (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.16).The authors review the negative and positive influences that contribute to the idea of where funding should be focused. The authors allow the reader with a soft research method to get a better collar by talking to hand well-nighs who experienced youth criminal activities due to the barriers compose forth. It is also important to note that the authors touched upon the lack of statistical research that is brought forth to the public that shows if immigrant and refugee youth are the only ones big in poesy pool in the toss out system. Refugee children in Canada searching for an identity written by Fantino and Colak (2001) provide an overview of migration issues that arise and the troubles that these children are faced with pre and post arrival into Canada. Fantino and Colak (2001) discuss how the children migrating with their families bring with them issues that they fa ce while coming to a new countrified as a refugee trauma from witnessing violent crimes, language difficulties, family disruption, and adjustment to a different culture-in appendix to the challenges that accompany childhood and growing up (p. 587). Fantino and Colak (2001) curl up comparison between immigrant children versus a refugee child. They both write how both classes deal with migration and endure the push-and-pull forces of home and school, which often work in opposite directions (p.589). As we are taught to cerebrate that immigrants face less barriers due to their receipt of citizenship Fantino and Colak do not fail to portray the similarities of both groups. Both may encounter societys discrimination and racism, and developing a sense of identity-while trying to bridge generational and cultural gaps (Fantino and Colak 2001, p.589). Perhaps the greatest threat to these children is not the stress of belonging to two cultures but the stress of belonging to none (p.589.) I f these children receive a sense of belonging this can open up and increase their self-esteem and further avoid future barriers and inner fights within the child. One particular(prenominal) concentration that Fantino and Colak (2001) bring forth is the desire for children in the school position to be accepted by their peer group, be seen as a dependent and a master by interpreting for their parents (Fantino and Colak, 2001, p.589) these factors can contribute to the sense of belonging discussed earlier. These children are in essence parentified as they face the pressure of interpreting for their parents (p. 589). This pressure can have a prominent effect on the child as they are given adult responsibility in settings they are not familiar with. Fantino and Colak (2001) wonder if children very do adapt better to society (p.591). They discuss the trouble of parents with the lack of communication they have with their children (p.590). Fantino and Colak refer to these refugee childr en as children without history (p. 594). Both authors bring forth ideas of the host country providing a positive act in order to make integration as a positive place for the child and family. One key factor in determining achievement is the reception of newcomers by the host society (p.589). Task force on mental healthi issues affecting immigrants and refugees (1998) writes that settlement support operate, schools, health and social services and the community at large play a crucial lineament in assisting and supporting children to adjust and integrate into Canadian society (As cited by Fantino and Colak, 2001, p. 589). Fantino and Colak (2001) believe that in order for succeederful integration we essential not ignore the parents who might also be facing trauma anterior to arrival. They state that their challenge is to meaningfully integrate their history with the present and future realities of Canada (Fantino and Colak, 2001, p.595) it is only until we as Canadians work as a team to provide a safe haven for newcomers where we can assist and cater to their needs to provide them with adequate housing and support systems. As Fantino and Colak discuss migration trouble pre and post migration both authors do not fail to give Canadians a role on easy adaptation and this sense of guidance makes the struggle of migration as a social problem and not solely a problem just with the migrating child with their familyAnalytic discussion Both readings discuss the resolutions and the causes of what a child and youth experience as they migrate to a new country. The identified theme of the harm of migration to the individual at hand arises concerns and a deep look at why changes should be in place to assist the migrating newcomers. By looking deeply at the barriers/causes laid by society we will gain insight on disposition why. Both articles gather information by using a qualitative research method that asks children and adults who were deviant youth in the past a ctive problems faced by both immigrant and refugee children and youth both articles looked at the trouble faced within the individual and the trouble put on by society. Both articles answer questions of why and how these issues arise, both articles discuss solutions and the lack of statistics that would help to really understand the criminal system in estimations to over existence of immigrant and refugees in the institution.As both articles take on such onslaughtes to understanding migration and the effect it has on children regarding identity and youth portraying criminal behavior I will provide an analytic discussion in regard to the theme of troubles of migration faced by the immigrant and refugee child and youth. By discussing how the comparison of both articles both discussed the lack of identity the youth and child face, both articles discussed support systems, whether it was lacking or creation seen as a great ratifier for successful migration, education as a primary ta rget for success in the individual and lastly community service that the host community must act upon. As all articles discuss the implication pre and post the childs and youths migration I still believe that further questions need to be asked in order to get a more holistic and complete view of migration difficulties and criminal behavior that the child and youth experience.Who is a refugee or immigrant youth or child when they come to Canada? It is to this thought that we can look at the identity of these young adults and children being challenged when entering a new country such as Canada. We are taught through both articles that when an individual such as a youth and child enter Canada we must stool the issues they have faced at home that might of led them to migrate trauma from witnessing violent crimes, language difficulties, family disruption, and adjustment to a different culture-in addition to the challenges that accompany childhood and growing up (Fantino and Colak, 200 1, p. 587). When one reads such statements I cant help but ask why arent these individuals dealing with the issues back home? Could it be that the government can no longer be trusted? Why migrate? Is Canada being portrayed to other countries as a loving, welcoming country? If so, we must change this. Canada being classified as a harmonious country or not has issues of its own. We are dealing with employment difficulties, high taxes, and are still involved in a war where other cultures are still being seen as a threat. Are we setting up this migrating youth with unrealistic expectations of Canada? Is this our spot as Canadians that we are simply setting up a peg down for this migrating victims to have a difficult life in Canada? The issues back home which may have pushed their migration to Canada is not the only issue that these age groups experience. They also witness and experience issues in their new land, and this act should simply put the blame on us, on Canadians.Support syst em in the school setting is seen to be lacked and to be a great contributor to be the line of dowry the youth and child to avoid criminal behavior.The victimization of positive relationships with caring adults in the school setting, such as ESL or mainstream teachers, counselors and school resources officers, was also considered to be a protective factor. In some schools, member of ethno-cultural communities offer approved courses designed to help students develop identity and intercultural competence (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 14).After school programs where the student can receive financial aid in studies or being involved in recreational activities can provide an outlet for the student to develop an identity by fetching interest in other activities and also assisting with developing relationship with other students or guides. This not only provides them with a family setting in the school atmosphere but also an family unit when parents struggle to understand the school setting or simply when parents do not have much involvement with their children due to work or emotional difficulties. Dedicated workers such as these are helping youth exit gangs, offering them opportunities for success and keeping others from becoming involved with drugs and crime (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 14) As this form of assistance provides the assistance of the host community it shows how we can contribute positively to the outlet of the future of the new generation. As this is so, we must be aware of the irritate these children and youth have to breeding. Funding is needed for better schooling not only for these newcomers but also for youth all around. In Canada the price to incarcerate a youth for 1 year is approximately $100,000 (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.3), and move your child to school has no cost then leaves the question of why spend so much in incarcerating youth involved in criminal activity when such money can go into schooling where programs can a rise from? As we should be addressing the crime taken in each community (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 3) we know that education can be seen as a way out for these youth to avoid them from falling into a trap of gang involvement and provide these children with a sense of identity and skills this is an investment that will not only help the migrating newcomer individual but where society would also utility from. Derwing et al. (1999) and Watt and Roessingh (1994,2001) state that studies of school dropout rates of immigrant youth have indicated that 46-74% of immigrant youth whose native language is not English fail to complete high school (As cited by Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 4) doesnt society see the need for funding?Community assistance needs to be put in force in order for these youth and children to experience an easy adaptation to Canadian society. Communities provide a learning experience by comforting the individual and providing an exit from any future criminal acti vity that might come through the youths and childs life. These could be centralized in a love reception center, with ongoing follow-up and support in school and community setting (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.17.) Providing these follow-ups with children, youth and their families will give these newcomers being a immigrant or refugee a voice and provide a further perspective of changes and improvements that could be more active. Social services assistance including language translation services help in location permanent housing and accessing English language classes a community orientation referrals to health and social services including professional counseling services and other services as needed (Fantino and Colak, 2001, p. 590). Such services can also be seen to benefit the family unit as a whole as it is helping all members of the family to access and be aware of the services provided by the host community, and can also be seen as a contributor in helping family bonds stren gthening when migration can be viewed as a challenging mannikin for the family. Permanent housing should include specifications and be geographically located where criminal behavior is not the face of that community. Peer ambassador programmers that carefully morning star newcomers with more established immigrants from the same culture can also be very helpful (Fantino and Colak, 2001, p.590) If newcomers encounter other newcomers they will feel a sense of hope as they will see that their present challenges were possible to be overcome this will provide the recent newcomer with a sense that they can do it.We can make a change, so why in a country where 11.2% of the total cosmos of 31 million identify themselves as members of a visible minority (Fantino and Colak 2001, p.588) are being faced with such troubles? In a country where employment is seen as hard to get regarding youth employment why are we not addressing this problem? We realize that the Canadian Baby Boomers are affect ing work labor in the present society (Foot, 1998, 82) so how can we assist these youth to find a job when the baby boomers are occupying the majority of the labor market? Do we need more jobs specifically targeted to this population? Why are we still letting in refugee and immigrant families when we can barely assist those already in Canada? Why is Canada still setting up a trap for these newcomers? As I agree with the standings and arguments/solutions that both articles make, I do believe that more questions need to be asked, more often than not questions regarding Canada and why Canada is still letting this happen. Heller (1995) along with Jiwani (2002) and Roberts (2002) state that pagan minorities and those with English or French language difficulties, are disproportionately equal in the Canadian criminal justice system (as cited by Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p. 2) and Canadas lack of providing statistics related to race and ethnicity can further show that numbers need to be put into place in order to understand migration issues and complication. Without numbers can it be fair to say that Canada is contributing to the problem? Without numbers can Canada take a position and assist solely on word of mouth? Providing this overview can be frustrating to understand how to carriage such an issue of migration, but I do believe that in order for us to understand, numbers that are lacked in the prison system if minorities really do make up the population in the jail system needs to be placed. Rossiter and Rossiter state that such a study might increase discrimination towards these individuals (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.3) but how can we help a group without knowing statistics? Since Rossiter and Rossiter tackles such a perspective it leaves the question if Fantino and Colak say that the host community must assist these newcomers due to the issues surrounding this population how can we assist youth as a community when we are unaware of youth involvement in criminal behavior for slip? Without data, Canadians are left in the dark, and this must change. We must make a change to recognize these newcomers diplomas (Rossiter and Rossiter, 2009, p.4.) and degrees to set them up for the work field in order for fairness and these barriers to fall down in favor of those newcomers.My approach to the solution of ending criminal behavior is to look at societal resolutions and also understand the change that needs to be placed. I believe that working with the individual and not for the individual will further assist these individuals on a personal identity level and guide them through the services that can help. Both articles bring upon an analytical overview of migration and the effects brought on by the host community and the services lacking these migrating youth and children. As we understand migration to have a negative effect on individuals we also must not rule out the good that migration can do, such as providing a safe haven for these newcomers from escaping from the harsh realities they faced back home. By communities gathering as a welcoming committee in order to provide the newcomers with a welcoming atmosphere the community must do more than accept the realities of just adapting to a mosaic country. We must work together to provide support for the child, youth and their families. We must acknowledge the contributions that each youth and child carries within them and be culturally accepting. It can be instilled that the children are our future, and no matter what country these children and youth come from, all should be given a fair opportunity.